arXiv · arXiv · 2025
This study examines active liquidity management by Indian open-ended equity mutual funds. We find that fund managers respond to inflows by increasing cash holdings, which are later used to purchase less-liquid stocks at favourable valuations. Funds with less liquid portfolios tend to maintain larger cash reserves to manage flows. Funds that make active liquidity choices yield statistically and economically significan…
Pankaj K Agarwal, H K Pradhan, Konark Saxena
arXiv · arXiv · 2024
The domain of hedge fund investments is undergoing significant transformation, influenced by the rapid expansion of data availability and the advancement of analytical technologies. This study explores the enhancement of hedge fund investment performance through the integration of machine learning techniques, the application of PolyModel feature selection, and the analysis of fund size. We address three critical ques…
Siqiao Zhao, Dan Wang, Raphael Douady
arXiv · arXiv · 2020
We coin the term *Protocols for Loanable Funds (PLFs)* to refer to protocols which establish distributed ledger-based markets for loanable funds. PLFs are emerging as one of the main applications within Decentralized Finance (DeFi), and use smart contract code to facilitate the intermediation of loanable funds. In doing so, these protocols allow agents to borrow and save programmatically. Within these protocols, inte…
Lewis Gudgeon, Sam M. Werner, Daniel Perez, William J. Knottenbelt
arXiv · arXiv · 2026
Leveraged ETFs (L-ETFs) are exchange-traded funds that achieve price movements several times greater than an index by holding index-linked futures such as Nikkei Stock Average Index futures. It is known that when the price of an L-ETF falls, the L-ETF uses the liquidity of futures to limit the decline through arbitrage trading. Conversely, when the price of a futures contract falls, the futures contract uses the liqu…
Ryuki Hayase, Takanobu Mizuta, Isao Yagi
arXiv · arXiv · 2025
In this work, we introduce PEARL (Private Equity Accessibility Reimagined with Liquidity), an AI-powered framework designed to replicate and decode private equity funds using liquid, cost-effective assets. Relying on previous research methods such as Erik Stafford's single stock selection (Stafford) and Thomson Reuters - Refinitiv's sector approach (TR), our approach incorporates an additional asymmetry to capture th…
E. Benhamou, JJ. Ohana, B. Guez, E. Setrouk, T. Jacquot
arXiv · arXiv · 2025
The tokenization of real-world assets (RWAs) promises to transform financial markets by enabling fractional ownership, global accessibility, and programmable settlement of traditionally illiquid assets such as real estate, private credit, and government bonds. While technical progress has been rapid, with over \$25 billion in tokenized RWAs brought on-chain as of 2025, liquidity remains a critical bottleneck. This pa…
Rischan Mafrur
arXiv · arXiv · 2025
Understanding how market participants react to shocks like scheduled macroeconomic news is crucial for both traders and policymakers. We develop a calibrated data generation process DGP that embeds four stylized trader archetypes retail, pension, institutional, and hedge funds into an extended CAPM augmented by CPI surprises. Each agents order size choice is driven by a softmax discrete choice rule over small, medium…
Haochuan Wang
arXiv · arXiv · 2021
Uniswap is a decentralized exchange (DEX) and was first launched on November 2, 2018 on the Ethereum mainnet [1] and is part of an Ecosystem of products in Decentralized Finance (DeFi). It replaces a traditional order book type of trading common on centralized exchanges (CEX) with a deterministic model that swaps currencies (or tokens/assets) along a fixed price function determined by the amount of currencies supplie…
Andreas A. Aigner, Gurvinder Dhaliwal
arXiv · arXiv · 2022
We develop a comprehensive framework to measure the impact of the climate transition on investment portfolios. Our analysis is enriched by including geographical, sectoral, company and ISIN-level data to assess transition risk. We find that investment funds suffer a moderate 5.7% loss upon materialization of a high transition risk scenario. However, the risk distribution is significantly left-skewed, with the worst 1…
Ricardo Crisostomo
arXiv · arXiv · 2021
The Secured Overnight Funding Rate (SOFR) is becoming the main Risk-Free Rate benchmark in US dollars, thus interest rate term structure models need to be updated to reflect the key features exhibited by the dynamics of SOFR and the forward rates implied by SOFR futures. Historically, interest rate term structure modelling has been based on rates of substantially longer time to maturity than overnight, but with SOFR …
Karol Gellert, Erik Schlögl
arXiv · arXiv · 2016
In the last years, increasing efforts have been put into the development of effective stress tests to quantify the resilience of financial institutions. Here we propose a stress test methodology for central counterparties based on a network characterization of clearing members, whose links correspond to direct credits and debits. This network constitutes the ground for the propagation of financial distress: equity lo…
Giulia Poce, Giulio Cimini, Andrea Gabrielli, Andrea Zaccaria, Giuditta Baldacci
arXiv · arXiv · 2011
Using a recently introduced method to quantify the time varying lead-lag dependencies between pairs of economic time series (the thermal optimal path method), we test two fundamental tenets of the theory of fixed income: (i) the stock market variations and the yield changes should be anti-correlated; (ii) the change in central bank rates, as a proxy of the monetary policy of the central bank, should be a predictor of…
Kun Guo, Wei-Xing Zhou, Si-Wei Cheng, Didier Sornette
arXiv · arXiv · 2010
The proprietary nature of Hedge Fund investing means that it is common practise for managers to release minimal information about their returns. The construction of a Fund of Hedge Funds portfolio requires a correlation matrix which often has to be estimated using a relatively small sample of monthly returns data which induces noise. In this paper random matrix theory (RMT) is applied to a cross-correlation matrix C,…
Thomas Conlon, Heather J. Ruskin, Martin Crane
arXiv · arXiv · 2022
Applying historical data from the USD LIBOR transition period, we estimate a joint model for SOFR, Fed Funds, and Eurodollar futures rates as well as spot USD LIBOR and term repo rates. The framework endogenously models basis spreads between each of the benchmark rates and allows for the decomposition of spreads. Modelling the LIBOR-OIS spread as credit and funding-liquidity roll-over risk, we find that the spike in …
David Skovmand, Jacob Bjerre Skov
arXiv · arXiv · 2022
Stock portfolio optimization is the process of continuous reallocation of funds to a selection of stocks. This is a particularly well-suited problem for reinforcement learning, as daily rewards are compounding and objective functions may include more than just profit, e.g., risk and sustainability. We developed a novel utility function with the Sharpe ratio representing risk and the environmental, social, and governa…
Charl Maree, Christian W. Omlin
arXiv · arXiv · 2025
In response to growing demand for resilient and transparent financial instruments, we introduce a novel framework for replicating private equity (PE) performance using liquid, AI-enhanced strategies. Despite historically delivering robust returns, private equity's inherent illiquidity and lack of transparency raise significant concerns regarding investor trust and systemic stability, particularly in periods of height…
E. Benhamou, JJ. Ohana, B. Guez, E. Setrouk, T. Jacquot
arXiv · arXiv · 2012
A fund manager invests both the fund's assets and own private wealth in separate but potentially correlated risky assets, aiming to maximize expected utility from private wealth in the long run. If relative risk aversion and investment opportunities are constant, we find that the fund's portfolio depends only on the fund's investment opportunities, and the private portfolio only on private opportunities. This conclus…
Paolo Guasoni, Gu Wang
arXiv · arXiv · 2026
For more than four decades, the 60/40 stock/bond portfolio has served as a benchmark for delivering reasonable returns without excessive risk. More recently, a 50/30/20 stock/bond/alternative portfolio has been suggested. We use gold as the alternative and as an inflation hedge. In this paper we ask: how much improvement over these benchmark fixed-weight portfolios can be obtained using widely available public data a…
Nikhil Devanathan, Alexandros E. Tzikas, Stephen P. Boyd