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Before the 2008 financial crisis, most research in financial mathematics focused on pricing options without considering the effects of counterparties' defaults, illiquidity problems, and the role of the sale and repurchase agreement (Repo) market. Recently, models were proposed to address this by computing a total valuation adjustment (XVA) of derivatives; however without considering a potential crisis in the market.…
We discuss the binary nature of funding impact in derivative valuation. Under some conditions, funding is either a cost or a benefit, i.e., one of the lending/borrowing rates does not play a role in pricing derivatives. When derivatives are priced, considering different lending/borrowing rates leads to semi-linear BSDEs and PDEs, and thus it is necessary to solve the equations numerically. However, once it can be gua…
We take the holistic approach of computing an OTC claim value that incorporates credit and funding liquidity risks and their interplays, instead of forcing individual price adjustments: CVA, DVA, FVA, KVA. The resulting nonlinear mathematical problem features semilinear PDEs and FBSDEs. We show that for the benchmark vulnerable claim there is an analytical solution, and we express it in terms of the Black-Scholes for…
3GPP Release 19 has initiated the standardization of integrated sensing and communications (ISAC), including a channel model for monostatic sensing, evaluation scenarios, and performance assessment methodologies. These common assumptions provide an important basis for ISAC evaluation, but reproducible end-to-end studies still require a transparent sensing implementation. This paper evaluates 5G New Radio (NR) base st…
This paper compares different methods for forecasting the term structure of U.S. and European zero-coupon government bonds using both traditional econometric and Machine Learning (ML) approaches. We compare classical models (e.g., Dynamic Nelson-Siegel (DNS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA)) with different Neural Network (NN) architectures, including those inspired by the classical models, on the U.S. Treasury …
We audit whether candle-based machine-learning models can turn predictions of cryptocurrency extrema or short-horizon outcomes into positive Binance Spot paper policies after assumed costs. Numerical results come from scripted fixed-seed model runs and deterministic simulators; human-supervised AI agents supported the July 20 evidence-integrity revision through literature retrieval, separately tasked critique, artifa…
Scaling generative inverse and forward rendering to real-world scenarios is bottlenecked by the limited realism and temporal coherence of existing synthetic datasets. To bridge this persistent domain gap, we introduce a large-scale, dynamic dataset curated from visually complex AAA games. Using a novel dual-screen stitched capture method, we extracted 4M continuous frames (720p/30 FPS) of synchronized RGB and five G-…
We propose Process-Aware Policy Optimization (PAPO), a method that integrates process-level evaluation into Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) through decoupled advantage normalization, to address two limitations of existing reward designs. Outcome reward models (ORM) evaluate only final-answer correctness, treating all correct responses identically regardless of reasoning quality, and gradually lose the advan…
S&P 500 Earnings Yield measures expected earnings relative to price and is useful for assessing valuation and comparing equities with bond yields.
Equity Risk Premium measures the excess return investors expect from equities over risk-free assets and is a core framework for evaluating relative equity valuation.
Purchasing Power Parity — Long-horizon FX anchor based on relative price levels, often slow to converge.
Credit Valuation Adjustment — Adjustment to derivative value for counterparty default risk.
Debt Valuation Adjustment (Credit).
Funding Valuation Adjustment — Funding cost adjustment in uncollateralized derivative books.
Evaluation Harness Design — Structured tests for quality, safety, and regression.
Forward Points EURUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDJPY — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points GBPUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points AUDUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDCAD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDCHF — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points NZDUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDCNH — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDTRY — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDMXN — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDZAR — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDINR — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDKRW — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Forward Points USDBRL — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation EURUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDJPY — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation GBPUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation AUDUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDCAD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDCHF — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation NZDUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDCNH — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDTRY — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDMXN — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDZAR — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDINR — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDKRW — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
PPP Valuation USDBRL — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Risk Reversal EURUSD — Currency valuation, flow, or FX-vol concept for FX desks.
Agent Loop Budget batch — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget canary — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget chat — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget founder mode — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget lab — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget ops — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget production — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget rag — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget research — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget shadow — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget streaming — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Agent Loop Budget trading desk — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Cache Hit Rate batch — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Cache Hit Rate chat — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Cache Hit Rate lab — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Cache Hit Rate ops — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Cache Hit Rate rag — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Cache Hit Rate research — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Cache Hit Rate streaming — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Cache Hit Rate trading desk — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Chunk Overlap Strategy batch — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Chunk Overlap Strategy canary — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Chunk Overlap Strategy chat — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.
Chunk Overlap Strategy founder mode — AI retrieval, agent, evaluation, or production-reliability concept.