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Results for “CTA” · papers 18 · wiki 36
Academic Papers · 18arXiv q-fin live 8 · desk corpus 123
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2025

Re-evaluating Short- and Long-Term Trend Factors in CTA Replication: A Bayesian Graphical Approach

Commodity Trading Advisors (CTAs) have historically relied on trend-following rules that operate on vastly different horizons from long-term breakouts that capture major directional moves to short-term momentum signals that thrive in fast-moving markets. Despite a large body of work on trend following, the relative merits and interactions of short-versus long-term trend systems remain controversial. This paper adds t

Eric Benhamou, Jean-Jacques Ohana, Alban Etienne, Béatrice Guez, Ethan Setrouk
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2016

Meta-CTA Trading Strategies based on the Kelly Criterion

The influence of Commodity Trading Advisors (CTA) on the price process is explored with the help of a simple model. CTA managers are taken to be Kelly optimisers, which invest a fixed proportion of their assets in the risky asset and the remainder in a riskless asset. This requires regular adjustment of the portfolio weights as prices evolve. The CTA trading activity impacts the price change in the form of a power la

Bernhard K. Meister
arXiv · arXiv · 2023

Decentralised Finance and Automated Market Making: Predictable Loss and Optimal Liquidity Provision

Constant product markets with concentrated liquidity (CL) are the most popular type of automated market makers. In this paper, we characterise the continuous-time wealth dynamics of strategic LPs who dynamically adjust their range of liquidity provision in CL pools. Their wealth results from fee income, the value of their holdings in the pool, and rebalancing costs. Next, we derive a self-financing and closed-form op

Álvaro Cartea, Fayçal Drissi, Marcello Monga
arXiv · arXiv · 2019

Market efficiency, liquidity, and multifractality of Bitcoin: A dynamic study

This letter investigates the dynamic relationship between market efficiency, liquidity, and multifractality of Bitcoin. We find that before 2013 liquidity is low and the Hurst exponent is less than 0.5, indicating that the Bitcoin time series is anti-persistent. After 2013, as liquidity increased, the Hurst exponent rose to approximately 0.5, improving market efficiency. For several periods, however, the Hurst expone

Tetsuya Takaishi, Takanori Adachi
arXiv · arXiv · 2009

Credit Default Swap Calibration and Equity Swap Valuation under Counterparty Risk with a Tractable Structural Model

In this paper we develop a tractable structural model with analytical default probabilities depending on some dynamics parameters, and we show how to calibrate the model using a chosen number of Credit Default Swap (CDS) market quotes. We essentially show how to use structural models with a calibration capability that is typical of the much more tractable credit-spread based intensity models. We apply the structural

Damiano Brigo, Marco Tarenghi
arXiv · arXiv · 2026

Tractable bank capital structure: optimal control under Basel III constraints

Banks must optimize risky investments, dividend payouts, and capital structure under tight Basel III solvency and liquidity constraints, while costly equity issuance serves as a distress-recovery tool. We formulate this as a stochastic control problem that reduces the high-dimensional balance-sheet dynamics to a tractable one-dimensional process in the asset-to-deposit ratio, with state-dependent investment limits. T

Erhan Bayraktar, Etienne Chevalier, Vathana Ly Vath, Yuqiong Wang
arXiv · arXiv · 2025

Multifractality and its sources in the digital currency market

Multifractality in time series analysis characterizes the presence of multiple scaling exponents, indicating heterogeneous temporal structures and complex dynamical behaviors beyond simple monofractal models. In the context of digital currency markets, multifractal properties arise due to the interplay of long-range temporal correlations and heavy-tailed distributions of returns, reflecting intricate market microstru

Stanisław Drożdż, Robert Kluszczyński, Jarosław Kwapień, Marcin Wątorek
arXiv · arXiv · 2019

Implied volatility surface predictability: the case of commodity markets

Recent literature seek to forecast implied volatility derived from equity, index, foreign exchange, and interest rate options using latent factor and parametric frameworks. Motivated by increased public attention borne out of the financialization of futures markets in the early 2000s, we investigate if these extant models can uncover predictable patterns in the implied volatility surfaces of the most actively traded

Fearghal Kearney, Han Lin Shang, Lisa Sheenan
OpenAlex · The Journal of Business · 2006 · cites 130

Predictable Dynamics in the S&P 500 Index Options Implied Volatility Surface*

One key stylized fact in the empirical option pricing literature is the existence of an implied volatility surface (IVS). The usual approach consists of Þtting a linear model linking the implied volatility to the time to maturity and the moneyness, for each cross section of options data. However, recent empirical evidence suggests that the parameters characterizing the IVS change over time. In this paper we study whe

Śılvia Gonçalves, Massimo Guidolin
arXiv · arXiv · 2026

AI and Exchange Rate Predictability

I revisit the exchange rate disconnect puzzle, first documented by Meese and Rogoff (1983), using generative artificial intelligence (AI) to forecast currency returns based on economic fundamentals. Using ChatGPT and DeepSeek, I analyze a comprehensive dataset of economic data releases for major currency pairs and measure the fundamental strength of each currency. These AI-powered fundamentals exhibit significant cro

Amin Izadyar
arXiv · arXiv · 2025

TIP-Search: Time-Predictable Inference Scheduling for Market Prediction under Uncertain Load

Real-time market prediction services need correct predictions before a decision deadline; a correct prediction delivered late is not usable. TIP-Search studies time-predictable inference scheduling over fixed market predictors under uncertain load. It filters conformal latency-quantile feasible models, dispatches over finite workers, and uses shielded constrained online experts to trade accuracy, queue pressure, and

Xibai Wang
arXiv · arXiv · 2025

A Nested Factor Model for Equity Markets: Reconciling Multifractal Stock Returns and Rough Index Volatilities

The Nested factor model was introduced by Chicheportiche et al. to represent non-linear correlations between stocks. Stock returns are explained by a standard factor model, but the (log)-volatilities of factors and residuals are themselves decomposed into factor modes, with a common dominant volatility mode affecting both market and sector factors but also residuals. Here, we consider the case of a single factor wher

Othmane Zarhali, Cecilia Aubrun, Emmanuel Bacry, Jean-Philippe Bouchaud, Jean-François Muzy
arXiv · arXiv · 2025

The Relative Entropy of Expectation and Price

As operators acting on the undetermined final settlement of a derivative security, expectation is linear but price is non-linear. When the market of underlying securities is incomplete, non-linearity emerges from the bid-offer around the mid price that accounts for the residual risks of the optimal funding and hedging strategy. At the extremes, non-linearity also arises from the embedded options on capital that are e

Paul McCloud
arXiv · arXiv · 2023

Surveying Generative AI's Economic Expectations

I introduce a survey of economic expectations formed by querying a large language model (LLM)'s expectations of various financial and macroeconomic variables based on a sample of news articles from the Wall Street Journal between 1984 and 2021. I find the resulting expectations closely match existing surveys including the Survey of Professional Forecasters (SPF), the American Association of Individual Investors, and

Leland Bybee
arXiv · arXiv · 2022

150 Years of Return Predictability Around the World: A Holistic View

Using new annual data of 16 developed countries across bond, equity, and housing markets, I study the return predictability using the payout-price ratios, i.e., coupon price, dividend price, and rent price. None of the 48 country-asset combinations shows consistent in-sample and out-of-sample performance with positive utility gain for the mean-variance investor. Only 3 (4/2) countries show positive economic gains in

Yang Bai
arXiv · arXiv · 2022

The short-term effect of COVID-19 pandemic on China's crude oil futures market: A study based on multifractal analysis

The ongoing COVID-19 shocked financial markets globally, including China's crude oil future market, which is the third most traded crude oil futures after WTI and Brent. As China's first crude oil futures accessible to foreign investors, the Shanghai crude oil futures (SC) have attracted significant interest since launch at the Shanghai International Energy Exchange. The impact of COVID-19 on the new crude oil future

Shao Ying-Hui, Liu Ying-Lin, Yang Yan-Hong
arXiv · arXiv · 2021

A new look at calendar anomalies: Multifractality and day of the week effect

Stock markets can become inefficient due to calendar anomalies known as day-of-the-week effect. Calendar anomalies are well-known in financial literature, but the phenomena remain to be explored in econophysics. In this paper we use multifractal analysis to evaluate if the temporal dynamics of market returns also exhibits calendar anomalies such as day-of-the-week effects. We apply the multifractal detrended fluctuat

Darko Stosic, Dusan Stosic, Irena Vodenska, H. Eugene Stanley, Tatijana Stosic
arXiv · arXiv · 2021

Deep Reinforcement Trading with Predictable Returns

Classical portfolio optimization often requires forecasting asset returns and their corresponding variances in spite of the low signal-to-noise ratio provided in the financial markets. Modern deep reinforcement learning (DRL) offers a framework for optimizing sequential trader decisions but lacks theoretical guarantees of convergence. On the other hand, the performances on real financial trading problems are strongly

Alessio Brini, Daniele Tantari
Wiki Entities · 36
AI Systems

Gradient Descent

Gradient descent updates parameters against the gradient of a loss: θ ← θ − η ∇_θ L. Stochastic and mini-batch variants make the method tractable on large datasets.

Banking

Too Big to Fail

Too big to fail is the expectation that a firm’s collapse would force a public rescue — a subsidy in funding spreads and a policy problem.

Commodities

Copper Price

Copper price is widely used as a proxy for industrial activity, manufacturing demand, and global growth expectations.

CTA

Agricultural CTA

Grains and oilseeds — corn, soy, wheat, and their products — where weather, USDA prints, and harvest calendars sit on top of generic trend.

CTA

AI / Machine-Learning CTA

A CTA whose signals come from ML (trees, nets, representations) rather than a hand-written MA — still a futures risk engine underneath.

CTA

ATR Trailing-Stop Trend

Enter on a trend signal, then trail a stop at k × ATR behind the favorable extreme — Wilder volatility as the exit engine.

CTA

ATR Unit Sizing

Size each new futures position so that 1 ATR move equals a fixed fraction of equity — the Turtle risk unit, still the cleanest per-trade language.

CTA

Behavioral CTA

A systematic book that targets documented investor behaviors — stops, anchoring, month-end flows — rather than a generic trend equation.

CTA

Commodity Trading Advisor

A CTA is a manager — often CFTC/NFA registered — that runs client money in futures and options on futures, long and short, across rates, FX, equities, and commodities.

CTA

Contrarian CTA

A CTA that tries to pick turns — anticipatory shorts of highs and buys of lows — the opposite personality of a breakout shop.

CTA

Crack Spread CTA Sleeve

Refinery margin: long gasoline and distillate, short crude, in a stated ratio — energy RV rather than a WTI call.

CTA

Crisis Alpha

Crisis alpha is return earned from persistent trends that form after a market crisis starts — not a prediction of the crash day, and not a put that pays on a two-day dip.

CTA

Cross-Sectional Futures Momentum

Rank futures on trailing return and hold winners vs losers — relative momentum inside a CTA universe, not each market’s own sign.

CTA

Crypto Futures CTA

Trend and carry on BTC/ETH (and maybe a few alts) using listed or crypto-native perps — a young sleeve with 24/7 gaps and funding.

CTA

CTA Bond / Rates Carry Sleeve

Harvest roll-down and yield carry in bond and STIR futures — a rates-specific premia book that can fight the trend sleeve in a hiking cycle.

CTA

CTA Calendar-Spread Sleeve

Trade nearby versus deferred on the same curve — a pure term-structure book, the smallest-beta cousin of commodity RV.

CTA

CTA Capacity and Market Limits

How much money a program can run before it is the market — position limits, ADV caps, and the point where adding AUM only buys slippage.

CTA

CTA Commodity Carry Sleeve

Inside a managed-futures book, overweight backwardated contracts and underweight contango — roll yield as a second family next to price trend.

CTA

CTA Correlation-Adjusted Sizing

Shrink size when markets are moving together so that ‘20 commodities’ are not one energy-risk factor wearing 20 tickers.

CTA

CTA Execution and Slippage

The live tax on a systematic futures book — impact, roll, and the fact that the signal is correlated with everyone else’s signal.

CTA

CTA Fund of Funds

A CTA FoF allocates across managed-futures programs — usually via managed accounts — to mix speeds, styles, and managers.

CTA

CTA Futures Roll and Contract Selection

Which expiry you hold and when you roll is a first-class P&L — not an operations footnote — especially in commodities and VIX.

CTA

CTA FX Carry Sleeve

The standard G10/EM carry trade run as a vol-targeted futures/forward sleeve beside FX trend — coupon versus crash.

CTA

CTA Gross and Net Exposure

Gross is the sum of |positions|; net is the signed residual — in a CTA both move with signal agreement, unlike a 130/30 that is always ~100 net.

CTA

CTA Long/Short Symmetry

Whether the program treats shorts with the same rules and risk as longs — the difference between a two-way CTA and a long-biased TAA in a futures wrapper.

CTA

CTA Managed Account

Client money in a futures account the CTA trades by POA — transparency, better liquidation, and operational work versus a commingled fund.

CTA

CTA Mean Reversion

Fade stretched moves in futures over short horizons — the anti-trend sleeve that makes money in ranges and loses when a crisis trend persists.

CTA

CTA Option Writer

A CTA that is structurally short implied volatility — harvesting VRP with futures options, and owning a jump left tail.

CTA

CTA Options Strategy

Express views with listed options on futures — defined-risk directional, calendars, or vol — still a CTA if the underlying is a commodity interest.

CTA

CTA Pyramiding / Scale-In

Add units as the trend extends — more risk on a working trade — instead of a single full-size entry.

CTA

CTA Relative Value / Spread Trading

Market-neutral futures spreads — calendar, inter-commodity, or intra-curve — a CTA that tries not to own outright direction.

CTA

CTA Replication ETF

A listed product that tries to match SG Trend-like returns with a small liquid futures set — cheap access, incomplete universe, visible crowding.

CTA

CTA Trend Crowding

When too many trend books own the same contract the same way, entries get worse, exits gap, and ‘the CTA unwind’ becomes a flow event.

CTA

CTA Trend Following

The core CTA recipe: in each futures market, go long if the trend is up and short if it is down, size by volatility, and let the stop or the signal flip you out.

CTA

CTA Volatility Targeting

Scale the whole book (or each market) so forecast σ hits a target — the reason a 15% vol CTA is not ‘more leveraged crude’ in a quiet month.

CTA

CTA Whipsaw / Chop Regime

Whipsaw is the range-bound regime where trend signals flip, scratch, and bleed — the ordinary cost of owning tail convexity.

Option Blackboard · 0
No Option Blackboard entries matched.
Encyclopedia · 24
Rates · Foundations

2s10s Treasury Curve

The 2s10s Treasury curve measures the spread between 10-year and 2-year Treasury yields and is a key indicator of growth expectations, policy path, and term structure dynamics.

CTA · Foundations

Agricultural CTA

Grains and oilseeds — corn, soy, wheat, and their products — where weather, USDA prints, and harvest calendars sit on top of generic trend.

CTA · Foundations

AI / Machine-Learning CTA

A CTA whose signals come from ML (trees, nets, representations) rather than a hand-written MA — still a futures risk engine underneath.

CTA · Foundations

ATR Trailing-Stop Trend

Enter on a trend signal, then trail a stop at k × ATR behind the favorable extreme — Wilder volatility as the exit engine.

CTA · Foundations

ATR Unit Sizing

Size each new futures position so that 1 ATR move equals a fixed fraction of equity — the Turtle risk unit, still the cleanest per-trade language.

CTA · Foundations

Behavioral CTA

A systematic book that targets documented investor behaviors — stops, anchoring, month-end flows — rather than a generic trend equation.

CTA · Foundations

Commodity Trading Advisor

A CTA is a manager — often CFTC/NFA registered — that runs client money in futures and options on futures, long and short, across rates, FX, equities, and commodities.

Economy · Foundations

Consumer Confidence Index

Consumer Confidence Index — Household expectations that influence spending, labor supply, and political pressure on policy.

CTA · Foundations

Contrarian CTA

A CTA that tries to pick turns — anticipatory shorts of highs and buys of lows — the opposite personality of a breakout shop.

Commodities · Foundations

Copper Price

Copper price is widely used as a proxy for industrial activity, manufacturing demand, and global growth expectations.

CTA · Foundations

Crack Spread CTA Sleeve

Refinery margin: long gasoline and distillate, short crude, in a stated ratio — energy RV rather than a WTI call.

CTA · Foundations

Crisis Alpha

Crisis alpha is return earned from persistent trends that form after a market crisis starts — not a prediction of the crash day, and not a put that pays on a two-day dip.

CTA · Foundations

Cross-Sectional Futures Momentum

Rank futures on trailing return and hold winners vs losers — relative momentum inside a CTA universe, not each market’s own sign.

CTA · Foundations

Crypto Futures CTA

Trend and carry on BTC/ETH (and maybe a few alts) using listed or crypto-native perps — a young sleeve with 24/7 gaps and funding.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Bond / Rates Carry Sleeve

Harvest roll-down and yield carry in bond and STIR futures — a rates-specific premia book that can fight the trend sleeve in a hiking cycle.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Calendar-Spread Sleeve

Trade nearby versus deferred on the same curve — a pure term-structure book, the smallest-beta cousin of commodity RV.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Capacity and Market Limits

How much money a program can run before it is the market — position limits, ADV caps, and the point where adding AUM only buys slippage.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Commodity Carry Sleeve

Inside a managed-futures book, overweight backwardated contracts and underweight contango — roll yield as a second family next to price trend.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Correlation-Adjusted Sizing

Shrink size when markets are moving together so that ‘20 commodities’ are not one energy-risk factor wearing 20 tickers.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Execution and Slippage

The live tax on a systematic futures book — impact, roll, and the fact that the signal is correlated with everyone else’s signal.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Fund of Funds

A CTA FoF allocates across managed-futures programs — usually via managed accounts — to mix speeds, styles, and managers.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Futures Roll and Contract Selection

Which expiry you hold and when you roll is a first-class P&L — not an operations footnote — especially in commodities and VIX.

CTA · Foundations

CTA FX Carry Sleeve

The standard G10/EM carry trade run as a vol-targeted futures/forward sleeve beside FX trend — coupon versus crash.

CTA · Foundations

CTA Gross and Net Exposure

Gross is the sum of |positions|; net is the signed residual — in a CTA both move with signal agreement, unlike a 130/30 that is always ~100 net.

Cards · 1
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