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Results for “term” · papers 18 · wiki 36
Academic Papers · 18arXiv q-fin live 8 · desk corpus 27
Semantic Scholar · Journal of international financial markets, institutions, and money · 2020 · cites 6

No-arbitrage determinants of credit spread curves under the unconventional monetary policy regime in Japan

Abstract We introduce an affine term structure model with observed macroeconomic factors for credit spread curves under the unconventional monetary policy regime in Japan. Empirical results based on the model selection using Japanese data demonstrate that the credit spread curves are dominated by the monetary policy and suggest that global economic forces, such as the U.S. Treasury yield and Baa-Aaa credit spread, pl

Tatsuyoshi Okimoto, Sumiko Takaoka
arXiv · arXiv · 2024

Credit Spreads' Term Structure: Stochastic Modeling with CIR++ Intensity

This paper introduces a novel stochastic model for credit spreads. The stochastic approach leverages the diffusion of default intensities via a CIR++ model and is formulated within a risk-neutral probability space. Our research primarily addresses two gaps in the literature. The first is the lack of credit spread models founded on a stochastic basis that enables continuous modeling, as many existing models rely on fa

Mohamed Ben Alaya, Ahmed Kebaier, Djibril Sarr
arXiv · arXiv · 2023

A stochastic control perspective on term structure models with roll-over risk

In this paper, we consider a generic interest rate market in the presence of roll-over risk, which generates spreads in spot/forward term rates. We do not require classical absence of arbitrage and rely instead on a minimal market viability assumption, which enables us to work in the context of the benchmark approach. In a Markovian setting, we extend the control theoretic approach of Gombani & Runggaldier (2013) and

Claudio Fontana, Simone Pavarana, Wolfgang J. Runggaldier
OpenAlex · The Journal of Finance · 2001 · cites 2183

The Determinants of Credit Spread Changes

ABSTRACT Using dealer's quotes and transactions prices on straight industrial bonds, we investigate the determinants of credit spread changes. Variables that should in theory determine credit spread changes have rather limited explanatory power. Further, the residuals from this regression are highly cross‐correlated, and principal components analysis implies they are mostly driven by a single common factor. Although

Pierre Collin-Dufresn, Robert S. Goldstein, J. Spencer Martin
OpenAlex · Econometrica · 2001 · cites 1388

Term Structures of Credit Spreads with Incomplete Accounting Information

We study the implications of imperfect information for term structures of credit spreads on corporate bonds. We suppose that bond investors cannot observe the issuer’s assets directly, and receive instead only periodic and imperfect accounting reports. For a setting in which the assets of the firm are a geometric Brownian motion until informed equityholders optimally liquidate, we derive the conditional distribution

Darrell Duffie, David Lando
OpenAlex · The Journal of Finance · 1996 · cites 2067

Optimal Capital Structure, Endogenous Bankruptcy, and the Term Structure of Credit Spreads

ABSTRACT This article examines the optimal capital structure of a firm that can choose both the amount and maturity of its debt. Bankruptcy is determined endogenously rather than by the imposition of a positive net worth condition or by a cash flow constraint. The results extend Leland's (1994a) closed‐form results to a much richer class of possible debt structures and permit study of the optimal maturity of debt as

Hayne E. Leland, Klaus Bjerre Toft
OpenAlex · Review of Financial Studies · 2022 · cites 55

Commonality in Credit Spread Changes: Dealer Inventory and Intermediary Distress

Abstract Two intermediary-based factors—a corporate bond dealer inventory measure and a broad intermediary distress measure—explain more than 40$\%$ of the puzzling common variation in credit spread changes beyond canonical structural factors. A simple intermediary-based model with partial market segmentation accounts for intermediary factors’ explanatory power and delivers three further implications with empirical s

Zhiguo He, Paymon Khorrami, Zhaogang Song
arXiv · arXiv · 2026

Data-Driven Duration Management -- Term Structure Forecasting Using Machine Learning

This paper compares different methods for forecasting the term structure of U.S. and European zero-coupon government bonds using both traditional econometric and Machine Learning (ML) approaches. We compare classical models (e.g., Dynamic Nelson-Siegel (DNS) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA)) with different Neural Network (NN) architectures, including those inspired by the classical models, on the U.S. Treasury

Tobias Lausser, Joao Eduardo Vuolo, Rudi Zagst
OpenAlex · Applied Sciences · 2020 · cites 186

Portfolio Optimization-Based Stock Prediction Using Long-Short Term Memory Network in Quantitative Trading

In quantitative trading, stock prediction plays an important role in developing an effective trading strategy to achieve a substantial return. Prediction outcomes also are the prerequisites for active portfolio construction and optimization. However, the stock prediction is a challenging task because of the diversified factors involved such as uncertainty and instability. Most of the previous research focuses on anal

Van-Dai Ta, Chuan-Ming Liu, Direselign Addis Tadesse
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2024

Liquidity Jump, Liquidity Diffusion, and Crypto Wash Trading

We develop a new framework to detect wash trading in crypto assets through real-time liquidity fluctuation. We propose that short-term price jumps in crypto assets results from wash trading-induced liquidity fluctuation, and construct two complementary liquidity measures, liquidity jump (size of fluctuation) and liquidity diffusion (volatility of fluctuation), to capture the behavioral signature of wash trading. Usin

Qi Deng, Zhong-Guo Zhou
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2022

Liquidity Provision Payoff on Automated Market Makers

The standard approach for compensating liquidity providers on many decentralized exchanges (DEX) for serving as counter-party to swaps is through charging a small percentage of fees. The expected payoff from the cash flow of this mode of market making has yet to be mathematically formulated in terms of volatility in the existing literature. We provide here a preliminary derivation of the payoff formula, by making the

Jin Hong Kuan
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2026

Deepening the Secondary Market: Integrating Trade Credit into Market Clearing with the Cycles Protocol

Current post-trade clearing systems rely almost exclusively on cash or cash-like collateral, leaving vast reserves of short-term liquidity embedded in trade credit outside formal settlement infrastructures. A key barrier to integrating this liquidity is the near-universal dependence of clearing services on novation, which imposes institutional overhead that restricts accessibility and limits the range of obligations

Tomaž Fleischman, Ethan Buchman
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2024

Automated Market Making and Decentralized Finance

Automated market makers (AMMs) are a new type of trading venues which are revolutionising the way market participants interact. At present, the majority of AMMs are constant function market makers (CFMMs) where a deterministic trading function determines how markets are cleared. Within CFMMs, we focus on constant product market makers (CPMMs) which implements the concentrated liquidity (CL) feature. In this thesis we

Marcello Monga
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2025

Dynamic Grid Trading Strategy: From Zero Expectation to Market Outperformance

We propose a profitable trading strategy for the cryptocurrency market based on grid trading. Starting with an analysis of the expected value of the traditional grid strategy, we show that under simple assumptions, its expected return is essentially zero. We then introduce a novel Dynamic Grid-based Trading (DGT) strategy that adapts to market conditions by dynamically resetting grid positions. Our backtesting result

Kai-Yuan Chen, Kai-Hsin Chen, Jyh-Shing Roger Jang
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2025

Rethinking Portfolio Risk: Forecasting Volatility Through Cointegrated Asset Dynamics

We introduce the Historical and Dynamic Volatility Ratios (HVR/DVR) and show that equity and index volatilities are cointegrated at intraday and daily horizons. This allows us to construct a VECM to forecast portfolio volatility by exploiting volatility cointegration. On S&P 500 data, HVR is generally stationary and cointegration with the index is frequent; the VECM implementation yields substantially lower mean abso

Gabriele Casto
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2022

AI for trading strategies

In this bachelor thesis, we show how four different machine learning methods (Long Short-Term Memory, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine Regression, and k-Nearest Neighbor) perform compared to already successfully applied trading strategies such as Cross Signal Trading and a conventional statistical time series model ARMA-GARCH. The aim is to show that machine learning methods perform better than conventional meth

Danijel Jevtic, Romain Deleze, Joerg Osterrieder
arXiv · arXiv q-fin · 2015

On the Efficient Market Hypothesis of Stock Market Indexes: The Role of Non-synchronous Trading and Portfolio Effects

In this article, the long-term behavior of the stock market index of the New York Stock Exchange is studied, for the period 1950 to 2013. Specifically, the CRSP Value-Weighted and CRSP Equal-Weighted index are analyzed in terms of market efficiency, using the standard ratio variance test, considering over 1600 one week rolling windows. For the equally weighted index, the null hypothesis of random walk is rejected in

Roberto Ortiz, Mauricio Contreras, Marcelo Villena
arXiv · arXiv · 2026

Corporate Bond Yield Curve Modeling: A Rating-Based Regime-Switching Generalized CIR Approach

Persistent shifts in term-structure dynamics undermine the stability of single-regime models in long samples. We develop an arbitrage-free regime-switching generalized CIR (RS-GCIR) model that jointly prices the Chinese government bond (CGB) curve and corporate bond curves. To capture the systematic transmission from interest-rate conditions to credit spreads, we structure the model into two blocks and price corporat

Maochun Xu, Yunqi Liang, Yi Hong
Wiki Entities · 36
Liquidity

Money Market Fund Assets

Money market fund assets track the amount of cash parked in short-term low-risk vehicles, providing insight into liquidity preference, deposit substitution, and defensive positioning.

Liquidity

Bank Term Funding Program Usage

BTFP usage tracks how much funding banks obtain through the Bank Term Funding Program, offering insight into balance-sheet stress and demand for official liquidity backstops.

Liquidity

Commercial Paper Spread

Commercial paper spreads track the cost of short-term corporate borrowing relative to safer benchmarks and help identify stress in corporate funding markets.

Derivatives

VIX Term Structure

VIX term structure tracks the shape of volatility futures across maturities and helps identify whether the market is pricing stable conditions or near-term stress.

Liquidity

TED Spread

TED Spread measures the difference between interbank lending rates and short-term U.S. government bill yields, historically used as a gauge of credit and funding stress.

Rates

Repo Rate

Repo rates reflect the cost of short-term secured borrowing against collateral and are central to understanding liquidity, Treasury market functioning, and funding stress.

Rates

Term Premium

Term premium is the extra compensation investors demand for holding longer-term bonds instead of rolling short-term debt, reflecting duration risk, uncertainty, and market structure.

Economy

US 10-Year Breakeven Inflation

US 10-Year Breakeven Inflation reflects the inflation rate implied by the gap between nominal Treasuries and TIPS, serving as a market-based gauge of long-term inflation expectations.

Rates

2s10s Treasury Curve

The 2s10s Treasury curve measures the spread between 10-year and 2-year Treasury yields and is a key indicator of growth expectations, policy path, and term structure dynamics.

Liquidity

FRA-OIS Spread

FRA-OIS spread measures the difference between interbank funding expectations and overnight indexed swap rates, often used as a gauge of banking and short-term funding stress.

Macro Policy

Yield Curve

The term structure of interest rates across maturities, used to read growth, liquidity, and stress expectations.

Macro Policy

Forward Guidance

Forward Guidance — How central bank language shapes term premium and front-end rate expectations before actual policy moves.

Macro Policy

Quantitative Tightening Pace

Quantitative Tightening Pace — The speed of balance-sheet runoff and its impact on reserves, collateral markets, and term funding.

Fixed Income

Steepener Flattener Trade

Steepener Flattener Trade — Curve trades expressing views on growth, inflation, and term premium independently of level.

Derivatives

Realized Volatility

Realized Volatility — Historical return variation that determines PnL for delta-hedged option positions.

Derivatives

VIX Futures Term Structure

VIX Futures Term Structure — Curve shape driving roll yield for vol ETNs and systematic short-vol carry.

Derivatives

Calendar Spread

Calendar Spread — Relative vol trade across expiries exploiting term structure dislocations.

FX

Twin Deficits

Twin Deficits — Combined fiscal and current-account deficits pressuring currency and term premium.

FX

Terms of Trade Shock

Terms of Trade Shock — Relative export-import price shifts altering growth and currency paths.

Emerging Markets

Original Sin EM Debt

Original Sin EM Debt — Inability to borrow long-term in local currency, raising external vulnerability.

Banking

Bank Capital Ratio

Bank Capital Ratio — Loss-absorbing equity buffer determining lending capacity and dividend policy.

Banking

Net Stable Funding Ratio

Net Stable Funding Ratio — Stable funding versus long-term assets — constrains maturity transformation.

Banking

Shadow Banking Assets

Shadow Banking Assets — Non-bank credit intermediation outside traditional capital rules.

Derivatives

Term Structure of Volatility

Term Structure of Volatility — How IV varies across expiries — front vs back month regimes.

Derivatives

Local Volatility

Local Volatility — Deterministic spot-time vol field calibrated to the vanilla surface.

Derivatives

Calendar Spread Options

Calendar Spread Options — Same strike across expiries expressing term-structure views.

Derivatives

VIX Futures Curve

VIX Futures Curve (Derivatives).

Rates

Term Repo

Term Repo (Rates).

Rates

Bank Term Funding Program Legacy

Bank Term Funding Program Legacy — Crisis facility allowing par advances against securities.

Rates

Term Premium Estimate

Term Premium Estimate — Compensation for duration risk beyond expected short rates.

Banking

Balance Sheet Constraint Dealer

Balance Sheet Constraint Dealer — Dealer SLR/balance-sheet limits reducing intermediation.

Emerging Markets

Short Term External Debt

Short Term External Debt (Emerging Markets).

Quant

Black Litterman

Black Litterman (Quant).

Banking

Sanctions Circumvention Risk

Sanctions Circumvention Risk — Risk counterparties evade sanctions via intermediaries.

Quant

Black Litterman Model

Black Litterman Model — Bayesian blend of equilibrium returns and investor views.

Derivatives

Term Structure 1M

Term Structure 1M — Options and volatility market structure concept used in hedging books.

Option Blackboard · 1
Encyclopedia · 24
Rates · Foundations

2s10s Treasury Curve

The 2s10s Treasury curve measures the spread between 10-year and 2-year Treasury yields and is a key indicator of growth expectations, policy path, and term structure dynamics.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity Australia

Amihud Illiquidity Australia — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity Canada

Amihud Illiquidity Canada — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity carry

Amihud Illiquidity carry — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity CEEMEA

Amihud Illiquidity CEEMEA — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity China

Amihud Illiquidity China — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity disinflation

Amihud Illiquidity disinflation — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity easing

Amihud Illiquidity easing — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity EM Asia

Amihud Illiquidity EM Asia — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity Euro Area

Amihud Illiquidity Euro Area — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity Japan

Amihud Illiquidity Japan — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity LatAm

Amihud Illiquidity LatAm — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity liquidity-crisis

Amihud Illiquidity liquidity-crisis — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity month-end

Amihud Illiquidity month-end — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity quarter-end

Amihud Illiquidity quarter-end — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity recession

Amihud Illiquidity recession — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity reflation

Amihud Illiquidity reflation — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity risk-off

Amihud Illiquidity risk-off — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity risk-on

Amihud Illiquidity risk-on — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity stagflation

Amihud Illiquidity stagflation — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity tightening

Amihud Illiquidity tightening — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity UK

Amihud Illiquidity UK — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity US

Amihud Illiquidity US — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Liquidity · Foundations

Amihud Illiquidity year-end

Amihud Illiquidity year-end — Market or funding liquidity stress and intermediation concept.

Cards · 2
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